Turn: Use Engineer Thinking To Solve Business Problems 

　　

"To: The engineering division of thinking to solve business problems," book review (a): to deal with commercial, non-commercial thinking change

　　As a bio- medical engineer's book author Guru-Mada Fan, to answer "What is the engineer thinking" this problem can be described fingertips , while speaking with the full drama of the story , while the ED readers shaking burden , finally, like a detective solve the case as , To explain the details of how engineers use engineer thinking to solve business problems . Such writing of benefits is high recognition, easy readers to accept the book's point of view , and read Rao interesting flavor, it does not seem too dogmatic doctrine . The Translator has done statistics , the author in the book CCP tells more than 20 stories , half of our daily lives are closely related , such as mobile phones , digital cameras, Penicillin, automatic teller machines, disposable diapers, supermarkets , world time zones, common product codes , zip codes, automobile safety air bags, aircraft (Wright brothers ), telephone (Edison) and so on.

　　" China has been a model of engineering achievements since ancient times ", the author first mentioned in the preface of the Chinese version: "Engineering is not just tools and algorithms, it is the foundation of life and culture , derived from curiosity , practicality , strategy and continuous improvement. The use of engineering tools To improve efficiency, so as to deal with all kinds of pressing social challenges in the world . Engineer thinking can help us improve decision-making skills and improve the efficiency of problem-solving ."

　　Faced with the ever-changing living environment and the increasingly fierce business atmosphere , under the background of the Internet , everyone is a node , and they can connect and match the people or resources they need anytime, anywhere . Now share the economic piece of prosperity behind, the attendant will be more opportunities and challenges, how to meet future unexpected and full of unknown challenges too! Therefore, this book gives the answer : you have to change your thinking to solve personal , business and even social problems in a brand-new way . Regardless of whether this answer is correct or not, the engineer’s thinking mode is destined to be a very transformative thinking mode, which can be used asAlternative options are implemented or designed in business .

　　Engineer image in the world appears to have been a non- regular profiling exists , and may be known as the "rigid", "boring" and other words , but this is very usual prejudices . Engineers are new opportunities to explore those, economic development promoters, the human material world, designer , every conversation in silence who, as well as to facilitate us with the surrounding world in contact with invisible agents. Sitan Fu Taixue Department of Engineering, former director Jim Proulx Moore says: "Engineers are integrators, they derived from a variety of knowledge of ideas integrated with them. Possibility , feasible and can look forward to the intersection of work . "Then what is engineer thinking? The authors say, engineers thinking boycott simply the definition ofIt is a "plug and play", it is a comprehensive multi- purpose toolkit. The engineer thinking framework is organic and comprehensive. The engineers thought the core of it is a modular system of thinking, this is not a single of talent , but the technology and the principle of integration. A special technique of modular system thinking is a functional combination of structure (breaking up a larger system into modules) and refactoring (recombining these modules) .

　　Author engineers from the perspective of providing convincing the interpretation , by introduction of different types of examples of engineers, to give readers a taste from the standards of control to blur the original engineer's mindset, and insightful to summarize the three basic engineering mentality of features : first in unstructured situations under "see" the structure of capacity ; secondly is the ability to skillfully in the constraint condition design down; and finally the engineers thinking of property relating to trade-offs - after careful consideration after addressing scheme to make and options Ability to make decisions .

　　Engineers thinking can be successfully be applied to various life aspects , because its core elements (structure, constraints, trade-offs) and its basic concepts (including restructuring, optimization, efficiency and prototype manufacturing , etc.) in the search for solutions to non-engineering challenge It is equally effective . As efficient, civilized society one, we should be able to make an effective choice , in order to obtain the maximum (and better) from fewer resources in the interests of , and deal with the economy, education , health , care and management aspects, etc. Widespread inefficiency issues.

　　Of course, engineer thinking is not a panacea, it is a persistent cognitive prototype and long-term practical conception of life. Engineers will continue from failure , success and interaction in learning to improve their methods . I believe in the near future, engineers will be through the adjustment and prototyping, continuously optimized while improving efficiency and the use of the structure, constraints and trade-offs to create more great technological revolution .

　　"Turning: Using Engineers to Solve Business Problems" Thoughts on Reading (2): Engineers' Thinking Mode

　　"Steering: with engineers thinking to solve business problems" at first glance the title , the first reaction : engineer very tall on hey! Without solid basic skills and excellent talents, most people are not competent. However, I have never thought deeply about the thinking of engineers . Perhaps the first feeling is that science and engineering are rational and logical thinking . In addition , the business problems in the impression are that they are on the verge of bankruptcy and financing failure... This is generally dependent on the chairman , CEO and other business elites to turn the tide . It is really curious to use engineer thinking to solve business problems. Through several examples in the preface, the author slowly introduces the concept of engineer thinking. The engineer thinking framework is organic and comprehensive, from standardized control to fuzzy primitive thinking mode of engineer. And describes how engineers to solve problems, such as remote code recognition, engineer is to start the lab began step by step to explore, improve, to a certain extent , experimental room can not meet the conditions, it must be field trips, after numerous tests, New scanning technology is born, And applied to the entire railway industry . Of course, for engineers, in addition to a constant layer of thinking, innovation is important , and the source of innovation must have problems before they have the opportunity to solve problems with new thinking. As the preface barcode invention , also in the higher original offer ideas and under more rigid constraints, can not be solved, only to engineer another way to find a better way, not only to cooperate satisfaction with the company, but also to code selection committee will be set at the industry standard . In the section "Engineering Principles of the Cannon ", it was mentioned that for natural philosophers , mathematics is a kind of " narrative ", a method of quantifying how changes in specific measurable parameters affect other related parameters. Because I am a math professional background , so I very much agree with this sentence, in many mathematical theorems are derived from real life, such as financial , physical experiments arrive at someConclusion , but need to use the formula , OK, given the number of scientists to strict proof about whether the establishment , the establishment of no problem, feel at ease to use , so that "Mathematics is often enables engineers to escape the reality of the causal interpretation", and therefore more engineers Focus on practice and technology. As just past the two-eleven carnival, this year in two-eleven day each Alibaba's platform total trade volume reached 120.7 billion yuan, its horror behind the trading volume also contains numerous engineers pay , after zero friends circle many friends They are complaining about it really easy to choose the right things , the order but can not submit, but fortunately did not last long and resume normal . But it is not that to rely on engineers to maintain the background operation , so as not to squeeze so many people at the same time, resulting in service paralyzed's.It can be seen that engineers and business are inseparable , and almost every industry depends on engineers. If you can apply the systematic and rigorous thinking of engineers to corporate decision-making, you will also gain a lot . In order not to play through, I just mentioned some of the preface part , the essence of the needs of our in-depth reading , to understand the engineers a unique way of thinking, a taste of engineers imagination and wit . In addition, I think the author's focus in this book is still "turn", that is, I hope readers will change their thinking, look at the problem from another angle, give full play to creativity , and find the best solution. If you are an engineer, reading this book will be more understanding of their own of career , to enhance their thinking ability; if you did not know of engineers, that would not miss this book, and you will have more engineers deep in Recognize .　　

　　"Turning: Using Engineers’ Thinking to Solve Business Problems" Thoughts on Reading (3): Engineers’ Thinking is Great

　　Think engineer great Yeah, you can design house , design bridges , you can design the space station, can also design computer design software , an engineer when really Terrific Yeah, anyone who is at home with an engineer, if he was also an engineer, that That's great!

　　Engineers are inseparable from what they are doing now. Engineers are the most important profession on the planet , and there are really many people who can't do much without engineers. It is really a good choice to use engineer's thinking to solve business problems .

　　The biggest requirement now is to innovate. No matter what, we must have innovative thinking and innovative mind . It is really impossible without innovation . If every product is the same, how monotonous the world would be !

　　Engineers have thought of, I think because engineers have careful thought and meticulous in spirit , and do any thing can not have a little flawed, as long as there is a little flawed, it will be a major event , which is not like shooting a movie , the shot hit Yes, there will be a second time, and the third time is good. Engineers are very different, smashed the first time, it can be really smashed, it may pay a painful of the price of.

　　When the engineers thinking and business combined together, it will yield unexpected of effect , because engineers and business also have close links . After all , the things created by engineers are to be sold, that is, they become commodities. This is not a small commodity, but a huge commodity. Some time to put it another thought, perhaps intentionally not think of the result .

　　Using engineer's thinking to solve business problems will surely produce a multiplier result. It will definitely develop for the better. So, when you meet in business difficulties , "to solve business problems with the engineers thinking," This book maybe will help you to become your best law .

　　"Turning: Using Engineer's Thinking to Solve Business Problems" Thoughts (4): [Shiguang Bookstore (Book Review)] Engineer's Thinking

　　CITIC Publishing House recently published a series about the paradigm shift of books , such as; "integration; implementation of the seven rules of business transformation," " extreme ; the Internet era of product design," Today, I received a "steering; with engineers thinking to solve business problems, " compared to these three similar books, this is the most I've seen popular and easy to understand, interesting book.

　　Why did you say this? Author of such books of either the company founder , or a Fortune 500 company's CEO, CITIC Publishing House specially to buy this book copyright , translate , publish I have no doubt that their content how wonderful powerful , but the whole book is full The full amount of dry goods makes readers look boring and boring, and it is more difficult to perfectly absorb the essence. This book makes me surprised , the same as a biomedical engineer, senior policy advisor at the US National Science in hospital research work, has been the World Economic Forum rated as outstanding of young scientists guru • Mada Fan, storytelling The ability is beyond my imagination . This book is no longer a "dry" to the end, but a combination of story and theory to make readers look more interesting and vivid .

　　Although the author is a high-end technical talent , knowledge and more extensive, but no he is not closely related to our life in the example mentioned in the book of things , such as; cell phones, cameras, penicillin, automatic teller machines ...... these everyday life we easily it is possible to ignore what the engineers through the unremitting efforts and endure the ordinary people understand the situation invented, of course, a person has of creative thinking is also affected by the environment, it can be seen from the example of those engineers who, when knowledge accumulated to a certain After the degree , the way to solve the problem is often important in thinking, such as; Raul, who invented barcodes that did not follow the company’s regulations ; Griboval, who was dissatisfied with the status quo and bravely innovated the artillery improvement; Thinking from another angle to solve the Stockholm traffic jam problem IBM teams were ...... just a chance , these engineers mind in thinking on the great divergence, enough to create change human lifestyles invention.

　　So, what qualities do you need to be a qualified engineer ? The author uses these words to summarize-optimization, standardization, high efficiency, prototype manufacturing. That optimization engineers must find their problems in a timely manner to optimize the use of the product and its resolve to make it more perfect; standardization will soon develop into parts as possible can be applied even most of all products, modern large factories of the water line in fact, is this principle, by the scale and uniform standards to save costs ; efficiency in the face of a challenge, not only to think of solving approach , but also to find a solution from a number of the highest efficiency and lowest cost method; ie prototyping engineers with good ideas can not exist only in his mind , but rather as much as possible the idea to create a realistic model , which is the engineer essential of skills .

　　Seeing this, I just used four words to summarize the book. You might think that the engineer’s thinking is not that difficult. Indeed, some examples of the book the hero is often only in the moment or unthinkingly was thought out these extraordinary inventions, but we all understand this truth , which leads to the accumulation amount of a qualitative leap, if it is not usual in this regard under the effort If you train yourself a lot, you can succeed so easily. This book does not have a shortcut for you to succeed quickly . It only tells people who want to be excellent engineers to pay attention to which aspects of their professionalism should be cultivated . To succeed, they must rely on their usual accumulation.

　　"Steering: Engineer thinking to solve business problems with" Book (e): You're not lazy, just do not be thinking of it

　　Two new interns from the company have been assigned to our project team. The two newcomers are very diligent and often work overtime until nine or ten in the evening, and even take the initiative to work overtime at the company on weekends . Five months later, we accepted the new project and decided to hand over the original project progress to the two newcomers.

　　Monday A little work when passing the seat , saw her look trance , two black eyes comparable to Panda, I open my mouth to ask, she just saw their loved ones , like pulled me, " Sister , I really do not know how to do good eventful situation will not, and some transfer did not do ... "

　　I looked at the piles of various materials in front of her , the countless windows opened on the computer, " Where is the problem?"

　　

　　As he was talking, Little B, who came with her, passed by, and I stopped him, "Is there any problem in taking over the new project?"

　　"It's okay so far," he smiled and handed a piece of paper, half of the content has been checked.

　　Handover: Confirm the schedule with sister X, copy the template from brother Y’s computer

　　Push forward: Send the drawings provided by Friday Design to the editors , and submit them to Energy to confirm that they meet customer needs after the layout is completed .

　　Others: The shared disk of the shared file cannot be used. Please confirm the problem with the technical department.

　　Seeing the haggard little A and the cheerful little B, I suddenly discovered that sometimes success has nothing to do with a person's diligence, but with the way that person thinks.

　　In the book "Turning" by Indian writer Guru Madabahan, he introduced us to such a brand-new way of thinking. Guru named it: engineer thinking.

　　• Mada Fan guru himself is a biomedical engineer, he was the National Institute engaged in research work. At the same time, he is also a senior policy consultant, using the thinking method he defines as "engineer thinking" to help his clients improve their decision-making skills and improve the efficiency of problem solving.

　　He explained this thinking with a large number of business cases and more than 20 short stories in the book, half of which are closely related to our lives, car airbags, penicillin, supermarkets, airplanes, ATMs, agricultural green revolution, Google Maps And so on, showing and summarizing the thinking and spiritual realm of outstanding engineers.

　　"Turning" said that the thinking and core of engineers are modular thinking. Through deconstruction, reorganization and construction, a problem is re-explained, a larger system is broken up into modules, and these modules are recombined and differentiated according to their functionality. Strong ties (things that must be sorted out and resolved) and weak ties (things that can be ignored or discarded) to create a problem that is easier to solve.

　　Internship for Students with A's small, that she put all the issues are mixed to make a group, while the contradictions and problems of these links will make things look particularly troublesome. The advantage of Little B is that he can quickly categorize each problem into a different category, sort out the relationship between each problem, and also sort out the priorities and the sequence of actions.

　　Engineer's modular thinking

　　"Turning: Using Engineers to Solve Business Problems" Thoughts after Reading (6): [Wax Wing·Notes] Application-oriented, focusing on results

　　0p engineering is not just tools and algorithms, it is the foundation of life and culture, derived from curiosity, practicality, strategy and continuous improvement. 1p engineers create the Dharma Space—a series of possibilities that provide new choices, convenience and comfort, and redefine our living standards. 8p Applicability is the principle of engineering, mobility is the goal of engineering, reliability and safety are the bottom line of engineering, and systemicity and comprehensiveness are the essence of engineering. 9p The structured system thinking process will consider how the various elements of the system are connected in terms of logic , time, sequence and function, and under what conditions work or not; The three magic weapons of 10p engineer thinking: ① Structure: No structure The structure can be "foreseeed" under the circumstances; ②Constraints: able to design skillfully under constrained conditions; ③Choose: be able to make decisions on solutions and alternatives after careful consideration. 12p The pressure is endless, and a way must be found to continue the old things while creating new things. It seems that changes often require other changes to promote, which in turn causes more changes. 14p Learning for the sake of learning is indeed useful, but focusing on practice has promoted social progress. Science, philosophyThe core of religion is discovery and the pursuit of self-declared truth; the core of engineering is innovation, which produces utility under limited conditions. 27p Tradition often trumps logic. Must learn to use technology (restructuring, optimization, efficiency, and prototype) to obtain higher productivity from existing assets. The 31p model is a support system and a means of assisting decision-making, but it is not the final decision itself. By revealing the advantages and disadvantages associated with the final goal, the ideal model can provide a reality check for optimization. Of course, we can use all kinds of technologies, but nature is always the ultimate winner. 51p Keeping your brain ready to take advantage of opportunities is an important prerequisite for discovering opportunities. This kind of intellectual alchemy involves subconscious associations with lessons in life. The concept of 58p self-service is real-time management, which means efficiency. A 61p technical disaster may include many failures, but good engineers focus on discovering and dealing with the underlying problem. Every failure has its own destiny and provides a lesson for future generations. 77p implements better standards and interoperability tools to help improve efficiency and reduce unnecessary overhead. 80p Hutchinson: I ignored anyone who persuaded me to give up aggressiveness. 98p is a constraint for one person, but freedom for another. The purpose of restraint is to reconsider and reassess our position in life. 117p Politics is the art of compromise, and engineering is the art of choice. There is no corresponding specification for power. In the world of public policy, bluffing is often stronger than hard work; but in the world of technology, caution is more important than prestige. The 145p prototype helps to present the potential dangers of a solidified design. Locking in a way too early will hinder innovation, and the risk aversion will slowly penetrate. 155p Customers and their preferences are constraints, and design issues are trade-offs; understanding customer habits is a treasure trove of information for new product development, and understanding customers’ pain points is much easier than expecting them to learn software programs. 161p Music and movies are typical art that cooperates with the audience, and the audience has a lot of participation in the creative process. If you can really understand what people are doing and create something to respond, then there will be real resonance. The stability of the 171p building depends on the strength of its connections, and the stability of the movie depends on the logic of the series of plots, all of which require precise technical support.

　　"Turning: Using Engineer's Thinking to Solve Business Problems" Thoughts (7): Turning to Thinking

　　Turning to thinking is in my superficial level of knowledge. At first glance, it is difficult to understand the relationship between engineers and solving business problems. Since ancient times, business management has been controlled by the great gods of management, to make suggestions, to judge and rule. Engineers are regarded as technological innovators. "Turning: Using Engineer Thinking to Solve Business Problems" allows us to look at the prominent role and influence of engineer thinking in the business field from another perspective. The author of this book is Guru Madafan, a biomedical engineer and a senior policy consultant. His research fields are quite extensive, involving technological development, biological evolution, clinical medicine, business management, legal policy, etc., which also laid a solid foundation for the writing of this book. As an engineer, the author expresses the true vision of the engineer and provides us with a new way of thinking. In the current rapid development process, changing traditional concepts and innovative ways of thinking have become an effective way to solve personal, corporate or social problems. In this book, the author quotes the thinking model of engineers in a unique way, looks at the current business problems, and uses engineers' unique thinking, scientific experience and imagination to provide a unique solution to business problems. What is engineer thinking and how to use engineer thinking to help us improve decision-making skills and improve problem-solving efficiency. The core of engineer thinking is the modular thinking model, which is not a single talent, but a fusion of technology and principles. Modular system thinking changes with the situation, connecting and integrating functions through deconstruction and reconstruction. The essence of engineering is innovation. Through the principle of optimization and maximum utility, it provides the economy with the best new reasoning method. Engineers' flexible standardized thinking, solving under constraints, as well as interchange and matching, make many difficult problems easily solved. The thinking mode of engineers is a revolutionary thinking mode. In this book, the author uses lively and interesting stories and even touching deeds to let readers understand how engineers use keen observation to think and how to use extraordinary creativity. Innovation and progress, how to turn problems into opportunities, apply to all aspects of life. Breaking through the bottleneck of development and maximizing creativity requires a change in thinking mode. The engineer thinking mode mentioned in this book is an innovation and a model. It looks at problems from the perspective of engineers, turns difficulties into opportunities, uses engineer thinking to think, and changes the inherent thinking mode. Only innovators are strong, and only innovators win. Any thinking has its limitations, and the engineer thinking is no exception. Be vigilant and preventive, expand the peripheral vision, and let literature, art, science, philosophy, etc. continue to enrich and improve, and adapt to the ever-evolving future needs.

　　"Turning: Using Engineers' Thinking to Solve Business Problems" Thoughts on Reading (8): [Shiguang Bookstore (Book Review)]-The way of thinking of engineers is changing the world

　　It is easy to carve a statue, but it is very difficult to shape a person. It is even more difficult to reshape a person's spirit and thoughts.

　　It is generally difficult to determine when a person becomes independent in thought, but there is a consensus on this, that is, once a person reaches adulthood, his thoughts are basically shaped. This stems from the comprehensive shaping of a person’s various cultures and concepts received from family, school, and social environments during his growth. These cultural concepts have subjective and one-sided defects, but they do not prevent them from being integrated into human beings. In the blood, it has become the main stream of their spiritual world. Because of this, trying to renew the "blood" of an adult will often lead to failure.

　　Many people have learned the fact that the spiritual and intellectual world of adults is difficult to reshape. But this is not impossible, and it is not impossible. In my opinion, there are two ways to achieve this: one is to be diligent in learning, including more reading and communicating with others, and the other is to focus on action, including work and travel, so as to fully understand the world. In other words, one uses knowledge to equip oneself to broaden one's spiritual vision and depth; one uses action to verify the knowledge one has learned, transform it into wisdom, and realize the value of life.

　　Among the methods that have the potential to reshape the world of self-thinking, reading is the easiest. In comparison, books are readily available, which is the first convenience. Another advantage of reading is that books will never reject a person's enthusiasm. The reason why reading can reshape people's thoughts and horizons depends more on the completely different life experiences and thought worlds of the author and the reader. The collision of two different worlds will either resonate or cause conflict. Resonance can strengthen the reader's cognition and bring people a sense of pleasure. The key is the conflicting part. Different readers have different attitudes. Some readers tend to over-affirm themselves and reject all things that are contrary to their opinions; some readers are accustomed to seeking common ground while reserving differences, and neither oppose nor support dissent, or they are just bystanders; the most valuable is the last one Readers, they maintain an objective and fair skepticism about the many dissents in the book, verify them in many ways in practice, and finally incorporate them into their flesh and blood.

　　Accidental discovery can also change a person's view of things. A few years ago, an unfamiliar colleague once said to me: "So you are very humorous! I originally thought that science students are not laughing and joking with others." At that time, I suddenly realized that many people are actually in their hearts. There are many prejudices and misunderstandings. And I have always been accustomed to relying on reading to expand my understanding and cognition of the world.

　　What kind of thinking do engineering students have? Before reading the book "Steering" by Guru Madabahan, I had no clear and systematic understanding. The book "Turning" mainly tells how engineers influence the lives of others and build the world through unique engineer thinking.

　　"Turning: Using Engineers to Solve Business Problems" Thoughts (9): Think about it in a different way-"Turning: Using Engineers to Solve Business Problems"

　　Engineers, when we mention this profession, we will most likely remind us of those scholars from science and engineering who are busy in various laboratories or engineering projects, and they are basically responsible for solving technical problems in various industries. When our perspective turns to business again, the white-collar executives who enrich their business activities, whether they are ordinary employees such as the bottom financial warehouse, or middle and high-level managers such as corporate management, if we are to guess their identity and background, they usually come It is said that they are all born in economics and finance, and there are very few people in science and engineering.

　　Based on the background of industry personnel, we can also know that a series of theories such as business management are more used in modern enterprise operation and management. Therefore, engineers are generally in the technical field, while the management of enterprises, etc. is the management field. The two are basically distinct and independent of each other. However, today I have the book "Turning: Solving Business Problems with the Thinking of Engineers". Its title has overturned my usual thinking. It is difficult to imagine how to solve business problems with the thinking of engineers. Because I also have a background in science and engineering, and have also engaged in some auxiliary work in chemical design. In my opinion, engineers think about problems to solve problems in strict accordance with standards and regulations. Although innovation is also promoted, the major principles must still be followed. Problems are often complex and diverse. How can the two be linked together?

　　So I can’t wait to read this book when I got it. The book is divided into eight parts. In fact, it is to apply the thinking mode of engineers to other industries. In this book, you will understand what engineer thinking is. According to the book: "The core of engineer thinking is modular system thinking. It is not a single talent, but the integration of technology and principles.　　 Seeing this, these three points have actually been used in commercial activities. For example, when an advertising company wants to make a plan, the first thing to look at is to make a preliminary design plan and conceive the outline of the plan from a large amount of materials. This is the first point. ; Then design several plans on the premise of meeting customer requirements, which is the second point; finally, communicate with the customer to select the best plan, which is the third point.

　　The reason why I want to cite an example of planning by an advertising company is that the ideas in this book have actually been used by many companies in China. At least for me, this book is not innovative enough, of course it is practical. Sex is still good.

　　Finally, what I want to say is that in the eight parts of the book, there are many contents that are not very consistent with the title and subtitles. For example, in the sixth part "Interchange and Adaptation", it actually talked about'solving government problems with engineer thinking'. , This makes me have to doubt whether the author is seriously off the topic, or the translator’s name is not rigorous, which in my opinion is a major failure of the book.

　　But in general, this book gives us a good suggestion that we can consider changing our inherent thinking when thinking about solving problems. The thinking of engineers is one of them!

　　"Turning: Using Engineers' Thinking to Solve Business Problems" Thoughts on Reading (10): Engineer Thinking that Everyone Should Master

　　Every morning, we are woken up by the alarm synthesized by the timing system and the music playback system. We use the microwave oven made by the microwave system and the circuit system to heat the food, walk down the building where the civil engineering, water supply and power supply systems are integrated, and ride the oil system and power system. The combined vehicle, using a mobile phone combined with a software system and a circuit device, arrives in front of a combined computer such as a display system, a circuit system, and a network system in the office, and starts the day's work.

　　All of this happens and uses inadvertently, everything is taken for granted, and everything is natural. Few people would think of the hero behind all this-the engineer. Scientists create theories, and engineers turn all this into reality. An article in The Economist pointed out: The work of engineering, at least in theory, is to ensure the normal operation of food, the erection of bridges, or the firmness of dams. But how do engineers do all this?

　　Biomedical engineer, senior policy consultant, and outstanding young scientist Guru Madafan, through more than 20 creations and inventions that affect our lives, including French cannons, ATMs, and supermarkets, as well as their application and practice in society, they deeply analyzed and explained Engineer thinking.

　　The core of engineer thinking is modular system thinking, which has three basic characteristics or three magic weapons: structure, constraints, and trade-offs.

　　1. The ability to "foresee" structure without structure. The world depends on structure, and this is the foundation of engineer thinking. With this foundation, engineers can conduct structured dialogue based on reality. The structured thinking system process will consider how the various elements of the system are connected in terms of logic, time, sequence, and function, and under what conditions work or not.

　　2. Able to design under constraints. The 18th-century British essayist Samuel Johnson once said: When a person knows that he will be hanged within two weeks, he will concentrate his mind brilliantly. Products have a life cycle, and for engineers, time is the biggest pressure. The pressure is endless, deadlines and constraints do not suppress innovation, but guide innovation.

　　3. After careful consideration, make judgments on the solutions and alternatives, decide whether to choose, and separate weak targets from strong targets. If constraints are compared to walking a tightrope, then the trade-off is a tug of war between feasibility, possibility, expectations, and limitations.

　　Of course, in the process of operation, methods are still needed to adjust the direction. One is to optimize according to the method of maximizing utility and mechanism design, find the best one among a variety of schemes, and obtain the optimal solution. The other is flexible standardization, the efficiency of standard production, the use of common methods and components, making the solution easy to implement and manage. In addition, it is necessary to build a model on the above basis, which can not only present the potential dangers of solidification design, but also promote people to adapt to new forms, new expectations and new branches.

　　Through the cases and analysis in the book, I believe that engineer thinking means the following abilities:

　　1. The ability to think systematically. The system engineering method is the basis for achieving efficiency and reliability. A system becomes a whole due to the relationship between its various modules. Engineers must have the ability to observe problems from different angles, understand the various components and their interdependence, so as to be able to design innovative products from a macro perspective.

　　2. The ability of modular thinking. The skills of modular thinking are deconstruction and reconstruction. Determine which are strong connections and which are weak connections through deconstruction, how each module works, and how to operate to achieve the highest performance, and then recombine the various sub-modules to produce new alternatives.

　　3. The ability to integrate efficiently. The vast majority of innovations do not come out of thin air, but the recombination of multiple inventions. This highly efficient combination ability is integration. Engineers must be very familiar with the various functions and how to combine them effectively.

　　4. The ability of humanistic design. I have mentioned the "difficult solution rule" many times before. Sooner or later, problems in work and life will be solved in new ways, because there is almost no situation where the engineer's thinking framework does not work. The subtext of this kind of problem-solving is to be guided by user needs, discover, incubate, and combine opinions from all walks of life, thereby transforming into practical solutions. The path is reverse design → insight → matrix thinking → output solution.

　　5. The ability to correct frustration. Every innovation has to go through several, hundreds, or thousands of setbacks. Pioneers such as Edison and the Wright brothers have already explained it with actions. Engineers are constantly from failure, success and interactive school learning to improve their methods, continuous optimization, achieve greater efficiency. The book uses the example of David Kong to prove that real engineers fight in adversity, defeat powerful opponents, overcome daunting obstacles, accomplish what needs to be done, and have a huge impact.

　　6. The ability to focus on problems. Toyota CEO Eiji Toyoda has a famous motto: Focus on your attention and you can wring out water from a dry towel. For engineers, concentration can produce efficiency, and concentration can fully mobilize attention. Through conscious and thorough planning, ideas, experiences and opportunities are fully mixed to produce epiphany inspiration.

　　There are many abilities related to engineers, such as a solid theoretical foundation, the ability to learn from others, and so on.

　　The purpose of theory is to guide practice. After an in-depth analysis of engineer thinking, what we need most is how to transform it into our own ability and improve the level of solving practical problems. The book does not give a specific method, but we can still find a practical method between the lines:

　

　1. Solve daily problems. Think outside of the stereotype and look at the problem from the perspective of the system. Use the method of systematic thinking and modular thinking to find the key to the problem, adopt the method of choice, and solve it in a targeted manner. Everyone is an engineer of his own destiny to a certain extent. By applying engineer thinking to life And transforming it into improving our social capabilities, we can better solve various complex problems now and in the future.

　　2. Solve government problems. A homicide led the government to use GPS positioning technology for civilian purposes; Bazeljet established a sewage interception sewer system to help London avoid the spread of cholera and prevent pollution of the Thames. And IBM engineers' major transformation of Stockholm's traffic congestion situation, etc., fully illustrate the engineer's thinking to solve the government's problem. This solution is a powerful proof of the interaction of systematic thinking and optimized integrated thinking.

　　3. Solve business problems. Regardless of production, distribution or sales activities, you can use modular system thinking methods to logically decompose the system into individual points without ignoring the overall situation. Through the optimization, reorganization and reengineering of each module, the cost can be reduced and improved. The purpose of benefit. In addition, the application of modular systems and reverse design thinking will also provide solutions to problems.

　　4. Solve innovation problems. The core of science is discovery, and the essence of engineering is innovation. Someone once said that reorganization is one of nature's oldest techniques using existing systems to produce mutations. This skill is also one of the important skills of engineer thinking. Through modular combinations, flexible standardization strategies, and systematic thinking, we can solidify our ideas and build prototypes, and further optimize and innovate based on communication with customers.

　　As long as you think, you will always find a way; if you don’t, you will always find an excuse. Take action and apply the theory to practice. I think this is the author's starting point and one of the thinking of engineers.